Titles/Les titres (Mr.,Mrs., Miss, Sir)

Titles like Mr.(monsieur), Mrs.(madame), and Miss(mademoiselle) are  always used alone, without the last name of the person.

	French	Pronunciation	English, usage
Singular plural	Monsieur Messieurs.	muhsyur mehsyur	Mr., Sir. Gentlemen.
Singular Plural	Madame Mesdames	mahdamn maydahm	Mrs., Ma'am. Ladies
Singular Plural	Mademoiselle Mesdemoiselles	mahdmqoizell maydmwahzell	Miss, Young lady Young ladies

Basic Interrogative sentences in french

There are two main types of question in french:-1. yes /no questions, to which it is possible to answer simply 'yes' or 'no':for example:

Aimez-vous la musique pop? Oui	Do you like pop music? Yes
Est-ce que tu as fait tes devoirs? Non	Have you done your homework? No

2. Information questions:  These questions are impossible to answer simply 'yes' or 'no', but which require a piece of information in response. Information questions involve the use of a question word or phrase like qui, que, quand, comment, où, pourquoi, pour quelle raison, avec quel ami, de quoi, and so on.

for example:

Who	Qui	kee	Qui  est-ce?/who is he?
What	Quoi	kwah	Qu’est-ce que vous faites?
Why	Pourquoi	poor-kwah	Pourquoi l'ont-ils arrêté?
When	Quand	kawn	Quand est-ce que vous prenez le petit-de’jeuner?
Where	Où	ooh	Ou’ habitez vous?
How	Comment	kohn-mawn	Comment vous appelez-vous?
How much / many	Combien	kohn-bee-ahn	Combien de personnes ont-ils invitées?
Which / what	Quel(le)	kehl	Quel livre lisez vous?/which book are you reading?

Gender of countries, towns, islands, rivers, regions and states

Countries/les pays

Some countries are masculine, some are feminine. The best generalization is that they are masculine unless they end in -e, in which case they are feminine:

masculine le Canada le Danemark le Japon le Koweït le Liban le Maroc

Canada Denmark Japan Kuwait Lebanon Morocco

feminine la Chine la Finlande la Libye la Norvège la Mauritanie la Roumanie

China Finland Libya Norway Mauritania Romania

Introduction to French Sentences

Sentence Parts

Sentences can be separated into a subject (un sujet), which may be stated or implied, and a predicate (un prédicat). The subject is the person or thing performing the action, and the predicate is the rest of the sentence, which usually begins with the verb:

Je suis professeur - I am a teacher
Subject: je - I
Predicate: suis professeur - am a teacher

Paul et moi aimons la France - Paul and I love France
Subject: Paul et moi - Paul and I
Predicate: aimons la France - love France

La jeune fille est mignonne - The young girl is cute
Subject: la jeune fille - the young girl
Predicate: est mignonne - is cute


Sentence Types

There are four types of sentences: statements, exclamatives, interrogatives, and commands.

1) Statement - Phrase assertive or Phrase déclarative

Statements, the most common type of sentence, state something:

   I'm going to the bank - Je vais à la banque
   I am tired - Je suis fatigué
   I will help you - Je vous aiderai
   I hope you'll be there - J'espère que tu seras là

There are two subcategories of statements: affirmative statements - les phrases (déclaratives) affirmatives, as above, and negative statements - les phrases (déclaratives) négatives:

   I'm not going - Je n'y vais pas
   I'm not tired - Je ne suis pas fatigué
   I don't want to help you - Je ne veux pas vous aider
   He won't be there - Il ne sera pas là

2) Exclamative - Phrase exclamative

Exclamatives express a strong reaction such as surprise or indignation. They look just like statements except for the exclamation point, and for this reason are sometimes considered a subcategory of statements, rather than a different type of sentence:

   I want to go! - Je veux y aller !
   I hope so! - J'espère que oui !
   He's very handsome! - Il est très beau !
   That's a great idea! - C'est une bonne idée !

3) Interrogative - Phrase interrogative

Interrogatives, more commonly known as questions, ask for or about something:

   Do you have my book? - As-tu mon livre ?
   Are they ready? - Sont-ils prêts ?
   Where is he? - Où est-il ?
   Can you help us? - Peux-tu nous aider ?

4) Command - Phrase impérative

Commands are the only kind of sentence without an explicit subject; instead, the subject is implied by the conjugation of the verb, which is in the imperative:

   Go away! - Va t'en !
   Be good - Sois sage
   Do the dishes - Faites la vaisselle
   Help us find it - Aidez-nous à le trouver*

*à and le do not contract to au here because le is an object, not an artic

TIME / LE TEMPS QUI PASSE

·           What time is it?	·         Quelle heure est-il ?
·         It is...	·         Il est...
·         one o'clock	·         une heure
·         two o'clock	·         deux heures
·         noon	·         midi
·         midnight	·         minuit
·         a quarter after three	·         trois heures et quart
·         one o'clock sharp	·         une heure précise
·         four o'clock sharp	·         quatre heures précises
·         twelve thirty	·         midi (minuit) et demi
·         six thirty	·         six heures et demie
·         a quarter to seven	·         sept heures moins le quart
·         five twenty	·         cinq heures vingt
·         ten fifty	·         onze heures moins dix
·         in the morning/AM	·         du matin
·         in the afternoon/PM	·         de l'après-midi
·         in the evening/PM	·         du soir

Official French time is expressed as military time (24 hour clock.) You can only use regular numbers, and not demi, quart, etc. when reporting time with the 24 hour system. For example, if it is 18h30, you must say dix-huit heures trente. The word pile /pil/ is also a more informal way of saying précise (exactly, sharp).

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES / LES ADJECTIFS POSSESSIFS

Possessive pronouns go before the noun. When a feminine noun begins with a vowel, you must use the masculine form of the pronoun for ease of pronunciation. 'Ma amie' is incorrect and must be 'mon amie', even though 'amie' is feminine. Remember that adjectives agree with the noun in gender and number, not the possessor! Sa mère can mean his mother or her mother even though sa is the feminine form, because it agrees with mère and not the possessor (his or her).

	Masc.	Fem.	Plural
My	mon m /	ma /ma/	mes
Your	ton t /	ta /ta/	tes
His/Her/Its	son /	sa /sa/	ses
Our	notre	notre	nos
Your	votre	votre	vos
Their	leur	leur	leurs

Example:-

1. C'est ma mère et mon père.- This is my mother and my father. 
2. Ce sont vos petits-enfants ?- These are your grandchildren? 
3. Mes parents sont divorcés. -My parents are divorced. 
4. Sa grand-mère est veuve.- His grandmother is a widow. 
5. Notre frère est marié, mais notre soeur est célibataire.Our brother is married, but our sister is single.  
6. Ton oncle est architecte, n'est-ce pas ? Your uncle is an architect, isn't he?
7.  Leurs cousines sont néerlandaises. Their cousins are Dutch.

French language for beginner: DAYS OF THE WEEK / LES JOURS DE LA SEMAINE

French language for beginner: DAYS OF THE WEEK / LES JOURS DE LA SEMAINE